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home > sex & society > individual development > our origin
Let's take a closer look at our ancestors of ten thousand years ago. They live in a group or tribe in order to better protect themselves against the dangers of predators and invaders. They may be nomadic hunters or settlers on land, growing corn and roots and creating villages and towns. The men go hunting and fishing for food and are responsible for the defense of the community; the women work the land, take care of the kids and the sick, do the cooking, make clothes and medicines. Men and women also work together, dividing the tasks according to sexual stereotypes. They use simple tools like arrows, axes, baskets, pots and needles and are able to make a fire. When we get to know them a little better we find that they have the same emotions we do: they are happy or sad, get mad and scared, they fall in love and are jealous and aggressive. They also wonder about the meaning of their existence and have developed a religion that is at the same time their science, because it explains the world around them. Thus they have ideas about the sun, moon and stars, about how the earth, humans and animal life were created, how things interact with each other. In order to help prevent disasters or to induce good luck for hunt and harvest, health and fertility, they make sacrifices to pacify the gods that rule over them. Not only gods, but also ancestors play an important role: they are worshipped and feared. 
Ceremonies and celebrations are an opportunity to create beautiful things and have fun together. There is a power structure: the leadership is in the hands of an older male or sometimes a female, assisted by a council of wise people. There are all sorts of rules that people have to live by, and when a tribe member does something that is considered wrong or disruptive of community-life, they are punished.
Although humans of ten thousand years ago lived more primitively than we do, they were just like us in their basic make-up, mentally, socially, emotionally. They, like us, are called Homo Sapiens (The Knowing Human). It is thought that Homo Sapiens has been around for at least 40 or 50 thousand years.
The Homo Sapiens mothers also came from their mothers, as they did from theirs, and so on. This is the line of life that connects us to the most distant past. As we move further back in history, from mother to mother, we follow our evolution backwards, as it were, and see gradual changes taking place in the characteristics of humans. Let's take a big step back in time from the familiar Homo Sapiens, passing by ten thousand generations of mothers.
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